Health

Ch. 8 Weight Management & Eating Behaviors

I. Food & Your Body Weight
a. What you eat & how much you eat are affected by hunger & appetite
i. Hunger is the body's physical response to the need for food
ii. Appetite is triggered by many factors: sight or smell, time of day or year
b. Personal choices as well as friends, traditions, ethnic background, availability of food, and emotions affect food choices
i. smell & taste
ii. Mood
iii. Family traditions, ethnic backgrounds
iv. Social & religious occasions
v. Health concerns
vi. Advertising & cost, availibility
c. Food Provides Energy
i. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, are energy giving nutrients
ii. Calories are the amount of energy in certain foods
iii. Calories needed depends on how much energy the body is using
iv. Basal metabolic rate is the minimum amount of energy needed to keep you alive
v. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day
d. Balancing energy intake with energy used
i. Overweight is the term used to describe a person who is heavy for his or her height. You're 10% over wht you should weigh for your body size & height
ii. Obesity is the condition in which there is an excess of body fat, 20% over what you should weigh for your own weight & height

II. Maintaining a Healthy Diet
a. The genes you inherit from your parents & your lifestyle choices determine your body size & shape
b. Body mass index is an of weight in relation to height that's used to assess healthy body weight.
c. Keeping body weight in the healthy range requires a plan that encourages healthy food choices & good exercise habits
d. Fad diets may cause initial weight loss but can be dangerous & do not promote behaviors for long term weight management

III. Eating Disorders
a. Individuals with eating disorders often have a distorted body image
b. Eating disorders are more common in teenage girls especially overachievers who have poor-self image & in athletes who must restrict their weight
c. Anorexia nervosa is an overwhelming fear of gaining weight & can result in self-starvation. Bulimia nervosa involves frequent bingeing & purging, which can cause many health problems
d. Eating disorders should be identified & treated early to avoid long-term health problems

IV. Preventing Food-Related Illness
a. Common digestive disorders include hearburn, ulcers, constipation, diarrhea, & flatulence
b. Diarrhea causes water loss & can result in dehydration which is very dangerous, especially to children & the elderly
c. A food allergy involves a reaction by the body's immune system to particular foods. A food intolerance may cause symptons similar to those of an allergic reaction, but it's not a specific immune reaction
d. Proper handling & storage of food can prevent a food-borne illness