- They have their own domain and their own kingdom.
- Organisms that lack a nucleus
- Found in extreme environments (called extremophiles) such as geysers, nuclear reactors, volcanoes, etc...
- Some are anaerobic (without oxygen)
- 3 main phylas...
- Methanogens- cannot live in the presence of oxygen & make methane gas, found in marshes & in the intestinal tracts of humans & cows
- Halophiles- salt-loving, found in the Dead Sea & Great Salt Lake & other areas with high salt content
- Thermoacidophiles- heat & acid loving, found in areas with high temperature & acidic conditions
- Cell walls are made of pseudomurein (substance that resembles peptidoglycan)
EUBACTERIA
Sickness caused by bacteria
- Anthrax- a known bioweapon
- Strep throat
- Food poisoning
- E. coli- causes diahrrea & urinary tract infections
- Staphylococcus aureus- staph infection
- Tetanus
- Lyme disease
- Botulism- paralysis (used for botox)
- Gangrene
- Syphillis
- Chlamydia
- Symptoms of a bacterial infection
- High fever (102+)
- High white blood cell count
- Thick greenish, brown mucus
- Severe headache
Benefits
- A huge number of bacteria are decomposers and they recycle carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur and other chemical elements (humans need carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur to survive)
- Also help make yogurt, cheese, buttermilk, sour cream, wine using fermentation (an anaerobic process)
- Cyanobacteria have mutualistic relationship with other organisms, primarily plants; they're nitrogen-fixing bacteria found in lichen
- Bacteria can be identified with gram staining
GRAM STAINING
Gram-positive
- Cell wall is made of many layers of peptidoglycan (protein and sugar)
- Stains the cells purple
- Can be treated wit antibiotics
Gram-negative
- Cell walls are thin
- Stains cells pink
- Not treatable with antibiotics
BACTERIA CONTINUED...
- Unicellular but in clusters mostly
- In warm and moist environment
- Classified by shape
- Cocci- sphere/round
- Bacilli- rod shaped
- Spirilli- spirl shaped
Prefixes
- Strepto- chains
- Staphylo- clusters
- Diplo- in pairs
- Bacteria are heterotrophs
- Cell walls are made of peptidoglycan
- Usually move by flagellum
- Others develop endospores & float through the air; endospores help bacteria survive hard conditions
- Bacteria undergoes binary fission (same thing as mitosis)
- Pass on or swap genetic information through conjugation through pili
- Bacteria grown in a lab is called culture
2 comments:
Hi, I'm in Keller Middle School right now in Keller, Texas, and I was wondering about the reputation of the Keller journalism team. Is there like a school press or a separate organization for publishing school newspapers and things?
I am trying to pick debate or journalism...debate takes a lot of your time away, journalism doesn't seem to be well known around here, and debate's won a lot of competitions...i like writing...any advice? any news?
We have a school newspaper, but I don't think you can apply for it until after you pass journalism. I have no clue how many journalism teachers there are at KHS, but Mrs. Gurganus is really nice and laid-back. We rarely ever take notes, and there are days we do absolutely nothing but just talk. She's only taught here for two years, and she's an easy teacher, but maybe you want something more challenging, I don't know. It's up to you. We have written a few stories, like a news story, editorials, reviews, feature stories and things like that, though. And that was pretty interesting. My advice is to pick whichever one you like best because the rest of your high school career will build on that. =D
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